The Government of the Republic of Armenia ( Armenian : Հայաստանի Հանրապետության Կառավարություն ) or the executive branch of the Armenian Government is an executive board of government ministers in Armenia . It is one of the three main branches of Armenia and is headed by the Prime Minister of Armenia .
Powers of Government granted by Constitution
Resignation of the Government and its formation
Following the Article 55 of the Armenian Constitution, the Republic’s President must accept resignation of the government on the day of
- first sitting of newly elected Nation Assembly
- Assumption of the Office by the President of the Republic
- expression of the vote of no confidence to the Government
- resignation of the Prime Minister
- vacant position of Prime Minister
Later on the Prime Minister must be appointed by the President of the Republic. The elected Prime Minister should enjoy the confidence of the majority of the Deputies. Ministers must be appointed within 20 days after Prime Minister is appointed. After this the Government is considered to be formed. All the ministers, including the prime minister, must be citizens of the Republic of Armenia. The structure of the Government must be defined by law. The procedure for the organization of operations of the Government and other public administration under the authority of the Prime Minister.
The role of the Prime Minister is that it should oversee the Government’s activities, coordinate the work of the Ministers and it should adopt decisions on the organization of Government. In addition, decisions passed by the Government must be signed by the Prime Minister. The president has the right to suspend governmental decisions for a month of compliance with the constitution. Government decisions regarding the resolution of the governors must be approved by the President.
The president has a right to prompt and head government sittings of issues of defense, foreign policy or national security.
The mission of Government
According to article 85 of the Armenian constitution, the Government shall develop and implement the policy of the Republic of Armenia and the Republic of Armenia.
By virtue of the Constitution, the international treaties, the laws of the Republic of Armenia, or the decrees of the President of the Republic and to ensure the implementation of the Government shall adopt decisions, which shall be subject to compliance in the whole territory the Republic “
Responsibilities of the Government
As it is defined in Article 89 of the Constitution of the Republic of Armenia the Government shall:
1) submit to the National Assembly for approval under Article 74 of the Constitution;
2) submit the draft budget to the National Assembly for approval, ensure the execution of the budget and submit financial reports to the National Assembly;
3) manage the state property;
4) implement unified state policies in the areas of finance, economy, taxation, loans and credits;
4.1) implement the state territorial development policy.
5) implement state policies in the areas of science, education, culture, health, social security and environmental protection;
6) ensure the implementation of the defense, national security and foreign policies of the Republic;
7) ensure maintenance of law and order, take measures to strengthen the legal order and ensure the rights of citizens;
8) other functions and powers provided by the Constitution and laws. [1]
Program and Budget of the Government
The Article 74 of the Constitution of Armenia states that the formation of the National Assembly of the Republic. Later on the National Assembly should discuss and vote for the approval of the program. The President shall dissolve the National Assembly if it does not give an approval to the program of the Government.
The government will submit the draft budget to the National Assembly at least to the beginning of the fiscal year. The Government may put forward a motion of its confidence in the adoption of the budget. If the National Assembly does not express any confidence in the Government, then the budget shall be adopted by the Government shall be adopted.
If the National Assembly expresses no confidence in the Government in conjunction with the draft budget, the new Government shall submit the draft budget to the National Assembly under the terms of the approval of its program. This draft shall be debated and voted on by the National Assembly within the meaning of this Article. [2]
Restriction on members of Government
According to Article 88 of the Armenian Constitution „A member of the government can not be engaged in the office of a professional or in a state of the art of self-government. creative, and academic activities. “ [2]
Powers on local self-governed communities
Articles 109 and 110 of Armenian Constitution state that the Government may remove the Head of Community in cases prescriptive law on the basis of the conclusion of the Constitutional Court. The communities may, based on the interests of the public, be merged with each other or separated by the law. The appropriate law shall be adopted by the National Assembly on the recommendation of the Government. Before submitting the legislative initiative, the local government shall refer to these communities. The outcomes of the local referendum will be attached to the legislative initiative. The communities may be merged or separated irrespective of the outcomes of the local referenda. [3]
Regional governors
Based on Article 88.1 Regional governors are appointed and dismissed by decisions of Government and they are validated by the President. The Regional Governors shall pursue the territorial policy of the Government of the United States. [3]
Powers regarding legislative initiatives
The Government has a right of legislative initiative. They have the right to determine the sequence of the lawsuit and the lawsuit they have.
The Government may put forward a motion on confidence in the Government in conjunction with the adoption of a draft law proposed by the Government. If within twenty-four hours of the government of the United States, the answer to the question of confidentiality is one of the following: in the Government is adopted by the majority of the total number of Deputies the draft law proposed by the Government shall be adopted. However, the Government may not be in a position of confidence in a single session. [3]
Current government
The incumbent government of Armenia is a coalition government FORMED by Republican and ARF party and is led by Karen Karapetyan . It was appointed on September 27, 2016 by President Serzh Sargsyan upon the resignation of the Prime Minister Hovik Abrahamyan .
Historical
Each of the three Armenian Republics had an executive branch on the time of its existence that was led by a prime minister. Current prime minister is Karen Karapetyan who leads the office since September 13, 2016 after the resignation of Hovik Abrahamyan .
The Prime Ministers of the Third Republic
| Prime Minister | Years in office | Party membership | Other information |
|---|---|---|---|
| Karen Karapetyan | 2016- | Republican Party of Armenia (RPA) | |
| Hovik Abrahamyan | 2014-2016 | RPA | President of the Council of the Armenian State University of Economics. Awarded First Grade Medal „For Services Contributed to the Motherland.“ Awarded the Order of „Mesrop Mashtots“ for services to the Republic of Artsakh. [4] |
| Tigran Sargsyan | 2008-2014 | RPA | Author of 20 scientific articles, has a military officer rank and Anania Shirakatsi Medal. [5] |
| Serzh Sargsyan | 2007-2008 | RPA, since 2007 the chairman of RPA | Awarded Cross Battle, Tigran the Great and Golden Eagle orders and other State Awards. Holder of the title of Hero of Artsakh.He is president of the Armenian Chess Federation and the Yerevan State University Academic Board. President of RA since 2008. [6] |
| Andranik Margaryan | 2000-2007 | RPA | Holder of Sourb Mesrop Mashtots Medal. He was decorated with V. Sargsyan and G. Nezhdeh medals of RA Ministry of Defense, V. Sargsyan order of the NEVU, Aram Manukian Medal of RA Police, F. Nansen Medal of Fridjof Nansen Foundation. Died from heart attack in 2007. [7] |
| Aram Sargsyan | 1999-2000 | RPA, founded Republic Party | Member of Yerkrapah Volunteers Union [8] |
| Vazgen Sargsyan | 1999 | Leader of RPA, Co-Chair of Unity Alliance | National Hero of Artsakh, national hero of the Republic of Armenia, holder of Golden Eagle Prose writer, member of the SU Writers‘ Union, author of articles and books Holder of Armenian Komsomol’s Lenin award in literature [9] |
| Armen Darbinyan | 1998-1999 | — | Professor, NAS RA Corresponding Member, Doctor of Economics. [10] |
| Robert Kocharyan | 1997-1998 | Non-party | RA President from 1998 to 2008.Holder of Gold Eagle Medal, Hero of Artsakh (NKR), Grigor Lusavorich order (NKR), Legion of Honor (France), Knight of Big Cross (Georgia), Order of Honor (IOC), Order of Great Britain, Knight of Big Cross and White Eagle Order (Poland), Savior Order (Greece), Order of Lebanese Cedar (Lebanon) Awards. [11] |
| Armen Sargsyan | 1996-1997 | Non-party | Member of the International Institute of Strategic Research and the British Astronomical Society,Honorary member of the Pan-Armenian Academic and Scientific Society, Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences. Author of 51 scientific articles and 3 manuals on politics, astrophysics and computer modeling. [12] |
| Hrant Bagratyan | 1993-1995 | Chairman of Freedom Party of Armenia, ANC founding member | Academician of Russia’s Humanitarian Sciences Academy, Doctor of Economics and Philosophy
1995- "The men of the year" of ABI (American Biography Institute).1998- "The men of the millennium" from UN and Cambridge Biography Center.2005-Honorary Doctor of the Yerevan State Economics Institute2006-Independent journalists recognized the best economic public of Armenia for the whole period of independence. He has authored 7 books and 52 research papers. [13] |
| Khosrov Harutyunyan | 1992-1993 | Chairman of Christian Democrat Party |
1996-1998-RA Government, Senior Adviser to the Prime Minister1998-1999-RA National Assembly Speaker1999-2000-RA Minister of Territorial Administration [14] |
| Gagik Harutyunyan | 1991-1992 | Non-party | Professor, Doctor of Law, President of the Center of Constitutional Law of the Republic of Armenia, Coordinator of the Emerging Democracy Constitutional Court Conference, Member of the International Academy of Information, International Constitutional Law Association Member, „Constitutional Justice“ international newsletter’s editorial board Chairman of the Yerevan State University Law Department’s Scientific Board, author of over 200 research works. [15] |
| Vazgen Manukyan | 1990-1991 | Founder, President of ADU | Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Senior LecturerFirst chairman of AAM, Director of the Center of Strategic Studies. [16] |
[17]
The Prime Ministers of the Republic of Soviet Armenia
The governmental structure of the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic is similar to that of the other Soviet republics. It is mentioned in the article 79 of USSR constitution „The highest executive and administrative organ of state power of a Union Republic is the Council of People’s Commissars of the Union Republic“. The Council was formed by the Supreme Soviet of the Union Republic, which was the only legislative body in the Union Republic and the highest organ of State Power. The Council of the following positions
- Chairman
- Vice Chairman
- Chairman of the State Planning Commission
- People’s Commissars-of:
- Food industry, light industry, agriculture, finance, internal trade, justice, education, municipal economy, public health etc.
- The Representative of the Committee of Agricultural Stocks
- Chief of the Board of Arts
- The Representative of the All-Union People’s Commissariats
The Council issued orders and decisions and supervised their execution. The Council was responsible and accountable to the Supreme Soviet of the Union of the Union and the Union of the Supreme Soviet, the Council was responsible and accountable to the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet. The Council of People’s Commissars controlled those branches of state administration within the jurisdiction of the Union Republic. It issued within the limits of the respective jurisdiction of the People’s Commissariats, orders and instructions. The Council of People’s Commissariats of a Union Republic were either Union-Republic or Republican Commissariats. Union-Republican controlled those branches of the state that were entrusted to them and were subordinated to the Council of People’s Commissars of the Union Republic and the appropriate Union-Republic People’s Commissars of the USSR. The Republican Commissariats have again been appointed to the Council of People’s Commissars of the Union Republic.
| Prime Minister / Chairman | Years in office | Other information |
|---|---|---|
| Vladimir Margaryants | 1989-1990 | V. Margaryants had to deal with the reconstruction of the earthquake zone like his predecessor. He was appointed as the first minister of the Ministry of the Center. [18] |
| Fadey Sargsyan | 1977-1989 | During the tenure of Fadey Sargsyan he was still in the territory of destruction of 1988, December 7 earthquake. He was responsible for eliminating the results of destructions. [19] |
| Grigor Arzumanyan | 1972-1976 | Microelectronic, light and food industry developed during the tenure of Grigor Arzumanyan. [20] |
| Badal Muradyan | 1966-1972 | B. Muradyan’s tenure was during Brejnev’s „standstill“ and everything that was happening in the Center of Subordinate Republics. [21] |
| Anton Kochinyan | 1952-1966 | Arpa-Sevan underground aqueduct, the monument for the Genocide victims were built during Anton Kochinyan’s tenure. The idea to build a metro in Yerevan and the decision of the atomic electro station were also A. Kochinyan’s. [22] |
| Sahak Karapetyan | 1947-1952 | During S. Karapetyan tenure the wide immigration took place. In 1949 in the middle of Karapetyan’s tenure 12,000 Armenians were deported to Altai. [23] |
| Aghasi Sargsyan | 1943-1947 | Aghasi Sargsyan’s tenure was the most difficult one, as he was a prime minister during the World War II, but he was able to overcome that situation. [24] |
| Aram Piruzyan | 1937-1943 | Aram Piruzyan’s tenure was at the beginning of World War II and was responsible for organizing the production of military products in factories. [25] |
| Abraham Guloyan | 1935-1937 | His tenure coincided with the saddest years of USSR, the beginning of violence, when the brightest individuals of USSR were „beheaded,“ when the country became a traitor camp, when stones were being thrown at everyone and everything, otherwise you would be the guillotine. Neither Guloyan was spared by the guillotine of person cult: he perished by Stalin’s order in 1937. [26] |
| Sahak Ter-Gabrielyan | 1928-1935 | Another Stalin’s violence victim was Sahak Ter-Bagrielyan. During his tenure several revolutions took place in villages and was very difficult to govern, but he was able to create several new industrial branches. |
| Sargis Hambardzumyan | 1925-1928 | The first and second hydroelectric stations were built during the tenure of S. Hambardzumyan. He also was Zangezur cooper mines heas till 1928. [27] |
| Sargis Lukashin (Srapionyan) | 1922-1925 | Lukashin was the one who started to create a new economy in country. In 1923 he started the construction of hydro power plants, he built Hrazdan river hydro power plant, but the construction was terminated. |
| Alexandr Myasnikyan | 1921-1922 | Alexandr Myasnikyan was the first chairman of Soviet Armenia. Al Tamanyan who was banished from Armenia during his tenure. Alexandr Myasnikyan died on the plane, while flying to Abkhazia, and there are opinions that it was a murder organized by Lavrenti Beria. |
The Prime Ministers of First Republic
On May 30, 1918 The Armenian Revolutionary Federation (ARF) decided that Armenia must be a republic under a provisional coalition government. It was decided that the Republic should have its own constitution and self-governing system. The government of the Republic is headed by Prime Minister. He was chosen by the National Council of Armenia. Later on the Prime Minister himself formed his cabinet. Prime minister was accountable for international, domestic and regional issues. The first Prime Minister became Hovhannes Katchaznouni whose cabinet was made up of five members, all of which were from ARF. In addition, a ministry of interior was created, whose first head was Aram Manukyan. The ministry of interior was responsible for domestic problems. Its key responsibilities were to create a public school system, a railroad system, communication and telegraph systems, also responsible for enforcing law and order. All these responsibilities have been controlled by a specific department, each of which has become separate.
Prime Minister had direct involvement in regional and international issues. Hamazasp Ohanjyan, the third prime minister, and Avetis Aharonian left for Berlin trying to reassure relations between Turkey and Armenia. Unfortunately none of them succeeded to achieve his goal. [28]
| Prime Minister | Years in office | Political party | Other information |
|---|---|---|---|
| Simon Vratsyan | 11 / 1920-12 / 1920 | ARF | The government headed by Simon Vrasyan had a short life (8 days). The government wants to create a peaceful combination with the country and the country from the „whirlpool“. [29] |
| Hamo / Hamazasp Ohanjanyan | 05 / 1920-11 / 1920 | ARF | During the tenure of Hamo / Hamazasp Ohanjanyan in agriculture and state property industries the important work was done. The government also confirmed academic Tamanyan’s and painter Kojoyan’s project of national coat of arms. On August 10 the Sèvres was signed in United Armenia, which was a dream of centuries. [30] |
| Alexandr Khatisyan | 05 / 1919-05 / 1920 | ARF | During 1919-1920 the state of the art, the state of the art, the government of the United States Also the government decides to solve problems with the help of the weapon. [31] |
| Hovhannes Kajaznuni / Igitkhanyan / | 07 / 1918-05.1919 | ARF | The first prime minister of the First Republic of Armenia was Hovhannes Qajaznani / Igitghanyan. The economy at that time was in very difficult situation, there was no food, no transportation.The prime minister was sent to Europe and USA to find a solution of that problem. He was able to bring back three hundred thousand bags of flour, canned products and a lot of crops. He also was a victim of violence in the Soviet Union. [32] |